Mechanical Work Safety

Objective

1. To ensure the safety of the operators and other workers.
2. To make sure the mechanical equipment is operated safely.
3. To ensure the production process run safely and smoothly.

Mechanical Hazards 

Mechanical factors include unshielded machinery, unsafe structures at the workplace and dangerous unprotected tools are among the most prevalent hazards in both industrialized and developing countries. They affect the health of a high proportion of the workforce. Most accidents could be prevented by applying relatively simple measures in the work environment, working practices, and safety systems and ensuring appropriate behaviour and management practices. This would significantly reduce accident rates within a relatively short period of time. 

Accident prevention programs are shown to have high cost-effectiveness and yield rapid results. However, ignorance of such precautions, particularly in sectors where production has grown rapidly, has led to increasing rates of occupational accidents. Workers who use hand tools such as picks, hammers, shovels, or who habitually kneel at their work may suffer from “beat" condition of the hand, knee or elbow. Beat hand is subcutaneous cellulite, which occurs among miners and stoker caused by infection of tissues devitalized by constant bruising.

Dangerous moving parts in three basic areas require safeguarding:

1. The point of operation:

Point where work is performed on the material, such as cutting, shaping, boring, or forming of stock.

2. Power transmission apparatus: 

All components of the mechanical system that transmit energy to the part of the machine performing the work. These components include flywheels, pulleys, belts, connecting rods, couplings, cams, spindles, chains, cranks, and gears.

3. Other moving parts: 

All parts of the machine that move while the machine is working. These may include reciprocating, rotating, and transverse moving parts, as well as feed mechanisms and auxiliary parts of the machine.

Laws (click on the law for details)

1. Law No. 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety
2. Ministerial Regulation No. 04/Men/1985
3. Ministerial Regulation No. 05/Men/1985 about Aircraft Lift and Transport
4. Ministerial Regulation No. 03/Men/1988 
5. Ministerial Regulation No. 09/Men/VII/2010 about Operators and Aircraft Officers
6. Law no. 32/2004
7. Government Regulation no. 38 of 2007

Scope

• Operator Classification
• Qualifications and Rules for the Operators and Aircraft Lift and Transport Officer
• Authority of the Operator and Officer
• Operator and Officer's Certification
• Obligations of the Operators and Officers
• Restrictions

Inspection and Testing

Type of examination and test based on laws and regulations

• Inspection and testing in manufacture
• First inspection and testing in new equipment / installation and / or after installation
• Regular inspection and testing in accordance with applicable laws and regulations

Technical criteria types of checks and tests (stages)

1. Data check / verification

• General data
• Technical data

2. Visual inspection

• Visual checking using checklist
• Dimension check

3. NDT Examination

• All the major components or components that accept the load or components are questionable strength / ability

4. Testing

• Dynamic (Running Test)
• Static

5. Inspection after test

6. Report (The form is accompanied by a form / chesklist of test results / NDT)

• Form 51 (lift and haul)
• Form 54B (prime mover)
• Form 55B (malicious machine)
• Shape 56B (kitchen / kiln)

Person incharge for testing

• OSH Specialist to PJK3 / Company
• OSH Supervisor to local autonomous region

Mechanism of validation of mechanical equipment and operator certification in Otoda format.

Mechanical Equipment

1. Aircraft and Production

• Prime mover
• Machine tools
• Production machine

2. Aircraft Lift and Transport

• Lifting equipment
  
• Transport tape
  
• Aircraft transport above the surface and on the runway
  
• Railway freight vehicle
  

User and Operator's Responsibility

User

• Maintaining the condition of the aircraft and its equipment
• Carry out the terms stipulated on the license, endorsement or command of the supervisor
• Assign the operator
• Report to the local Manpower Office if found defective (constructive) on the plane or equipment
• Reports in case of loss or if there is any change occur
• Report to local Manpower Office in case of blasting, accidents on aircraft or supporting facilities

Operator

• Operate the aircraft, equipment and supporting facilities in accordance with safety rules and operating standards.

Technical Installation/Equipment Factors

1. Construction and  installation of the aircraft is not eligible

• Material/ process of manufacture/ installation/ examination/ testing
• There is a decline in the quality, dimensional changes of planes during installations due to abnormal usage and operating conditions

2. Security, protection and equipment used are not eligible or not working properly

3. Operating conditions are not suitable for design

• The load used exceeded the maximum limit
• The operation process does not match the procedure

4. Human Factors

• Bad attitude (recklessness/ arrogance)
• Unqualified health
• Do not wear PPE
• Low technical knowledge/ work skills, including safe working methods
• Procrastination
• Emotional
• Others (family/ friends)

5. Management Factors

• Not implementing OHS requirements
• Not following the manufacturer's instructions
• No working procedure
• Poor internal administration/ supervision